Why is pericardial effusion dangerous?

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Multiple Choice

Why is pericardial effusion dangerous?

Explanation:
Fluid in the pericardial space creates pressure on the heart, especially during diastole when the ventricles need to fill. The pericardium is relatively stiff, so as more fluid accumulates, intrapericardial pressure rises and the heart’s chambers can’t expand properly. This limits filling, lowers end-diastolic volume, reduces stroke volume, and drops cardiac output, which can lead to shock if severe. The danger comes from mechanical compression of the heart, not from changes in heart rate, blood sugar, or overall blood volume.

Fluid in the pericardial space creates pressure on the heart, especially during diastole when the ventricles need to fill. The pericardium is relatively stiff, so as more fluid accumulates, intrapericardial pressure rises and the heart’s chambers can’t expand properly. This limits filling, lowers end-diastolic volume, reduces stroke volume, and drops cardiac output, which can lead to shock if severe. The danger comes from mechanical compression of the heart, not from changes in heart rate, blood sugar, or overall blood volume.

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