Which symptom is a plausible sign of mitral stenosis that may prompt medical evaluation?

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Multiple Choice

Which symptom is a plausible sign of mitral stenosis that may prompt medical evaluation?

Explanation:
Mitral stenosis causes obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, which raises left atrial pressure and backs up into the lungs. This pulmonary venous congestion can progress to pulmonary hypertension, and the small bronchial vessels may rupture, leading to hemoptysis. That makes coughing up blood a plausible and concerning sign that would prompt medical evaluation in someone with mitral stenosis. While a cough can occur from fluid buildup, rash and jaundice aren’t related to this valve problem, and although coughing can happen, hemoptysis signals a more specific pulmonary-vascular response to mitral stenosis.

Mitral stenosis causes obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, which raises left atrial pressure and backs up into the lungs. This pulmonary venous congestion can progress to pulmonary hypertension, and the small bronchial vessels may rupture, leading to hemoptysis. That makes coughing up blood a plausible and concerning sign that would prompt medical evaluation in someone with mitral stenosis. While a cough can occur from fluid buildup, rash and jaundice aren’t related to this valve problem, and although coughing can happen, hemoptysis signals a more specific pulmonary-vascular response to mitral stenosis.

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